Today | News | Books | Recipes Adventure | Science Fiction | Ghost stories | Poetry | Children | History Bookted to this violation of Swiss territory. _December 24th._--Final evacuation of Holland by the French. _December 28th._--Austrians capture Ragusa. _December 31st.--Napoleon, having trouble with his Commons, dissolves the Corps Législatif._ Austrians capture Geneva. Blucher crosses the Rhine at Mannheim and Coblentz. Exclusive of Landwehr and levies en masse, there are now a million trained men in arms against Napoleon. * * * * * 1814. "The Allied Powers having proclaimed that the Emperor Napoleon was the sole obstacle to the re-establishment of the Peace of Europe, the Emperor Napoleon, faithful to his oath, declares that he renounces, for himself and his heirs, the thrones of France and Italy, and that there is no personal sacrifice, even that of life itself, that he will not be ready to make for the sake of France."--(_Act of Abdication._) * * * * * _January 1st._--Capitulation of Danzic, which General Rapp had defended for nearly a year, having lost 20,000 (out of 30,000) men by fever. Russians, who had promised to send the French home, break faith, following the example of Schwartzenberg at Dresden. _January 2nd._--Russians take Fort Louis (Lower Rhine); and _January 3rd._--Austrians Montbéliard; and Bavarians Colmar. _January 6th._--General York occupies Trèves. Convention between Murat and England and (January 11th) with Austria. Murat is to join Allies with 30,000 men. _January 7th._--Austrians occupy Vesoul. _January 8th._--French Rentes 5 per cents. at 47.50. Wurtemberg troops occupy Epinal. _January 10th._--General York reaches Forbach (on the Moselle). _January 15th._--Cossacks occupy Cologne. _January 16th._--Russians occupy Nancy. _January 19th._--Austrians occupy Dijon; Bavarians, Neufchâteau. Murat's troops occupy Rome. _January 20th._--Capture of Toul by the Russians; and of Chambéry by the Austrians. _January 21st._--Austrians occupy Châlons-sur-Saône. General York crosses the Meuse. _January 23rd._--Pope Pius VII. returns to Rome. _January 25th._--General York and Army of Silesia established at St. Dizier and Joinville on the Marne. Austrians occupy Bar-sur-Aube. _Napoleon leaves Paris; and_ _January 26th.--Reaches Châlons-sur-Marne; and_ _January 27th.--Retakes St. Dizier in person._ _January 29th.--Combat of Brienne. Napoleon defeats Blucher._ _February 1st._--Battle of La Rothière, six miles north of Brienne. French, 40,000; Allies, 110,000. Drawn battle, but French retreat on Troyes; French evacuate Brussels. _February 4th._--Eugène retires upon the Mincio. _February 5th.--Cortes disavow Napoleon's treaty of Valençay with Ferdinand VII._ Opening of Congress of Châtillon. General York occupies Châlons-sur-Marne. _February 7th._--Allies seize Troyes. _February 8th._--Battle of the Mincio. Eugène with 30,000 conscripts defeats Austrians under Bellegarde with 50,000 veterans. _February 10th.--Combat of Champaubert. Napoleon defeats Russians._ _February 11th.--Combat of Montmirail. Napoleon defeats Sacken. Russians occupy Nogent-sur-Seine; and_ _February 12th.--Laon._ _February 14th.--Napoleon routs Blucher at Vauchamp. His losses, 10,000 men; French loss, 600 men. In five days Napoleon has wiped out the five corps of the Army of Silesia, inflicting a loss of 25,000 men._ _February 17th.--Combat near Nangis. Napoleon defeats Austro-Russians with loss of 10,000 men and 12 cannon._ _February 18th._--Combat of Montereau. Prince Royal of Wurtemberg defeated with loss of 7000. _February 21st._--Comte d'Artois arrives at Vesoul. _February 22nd._--Combat of Méry-sur-Seine. Sacken defeated by Boyer's Division, who fight in masks--it being Shrove Tuesday. _February 24th._--French re-enter Troyes. _February 27th._--Bulow captures La Fère with large stores. Battle of Orthes (Pyrenees), Wellington with 70,000 defeats Soult entrenched with 38,000. Foy badly wounded. _February 27th-28th._--Combats of Bar and Ferté-sur-Aube. Marshals Oudinot and Macdonald forced to retire on the Seine. _March 1st._--Treaty of Chaumont--Allies against Napoleon. _March 2nd._--Bulow takes Soissons. _March 4th._--Macdonald evacuates Troyes. _March 7th.--Battle of Craonne between Napoleon (30,000 men) and Sacken (100,000)._ Indecisive. _March 9th._--English driven from Berg-op-Zoom. _March 9th-10th.--Combat under Laon: depôt of Allied army. Napoleon fails to capture it._ _March 12th._--Duc d'Angoulême arrives at Bordeaux. This town is the first to declare for the Bourbons, and to welcome him as Louis XVIII. _March 13th._--Ferdinand VII. set at liberty. _March 14th.--Napoleon retakes Rheims from the Russians._ _March 19th._--Rupture of Treaty of Châtillon. _March 20th._--Battle of Tarbes. Wellington defeats French. _March 20th-21st._--Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube. Indecisive. _March 21st._--Austrians enter Lyons. Augereau retires on Valence. Had Eugène joined him with his 40,000 men he might have saved France after Vauchamp. _March 25th._--Combat of Fère-Champenoise. Marmont and Mortier defeated with loss of 9000 men. _March 26th.--Combat of St. Dizier. Napoleon defeats Russians, and starts to save Paris._ _March 29th.--Allies outside Paris. Napoleon at Troyes (125 miles off)._ _March 30th.--Battle of Paris._ The Emperor's orders disobeyed. Heavy cannon from Cherbourg left outside Paris, also 20,000 men. Clarke deserts to the Allies. Joseph runs away, leaving Marmont permission to capitulate. After losing 5000 men (and Allies 8000) Marmont evacuates Paris and retires. _Napoleon reaches Fontainebleau in the evening, and hears the bad news._ _March 31st._--Emperor of Russia, King of Prussia, and 36,000 men enter Paris. Stocks and shares advance. Emperor Alexander states, "The Allied Sovereigns will treat no longer with Napoleon Bonaparte, nor any of his family." _April 1st._--Senate, with Talleyrand as President, institute a Provisional Government. _April 2nd._--Provisional Government address the army: "You are no longer the soldiers of Napoleon; the Senate and the whole of France absolve you from your oaths." They also declare Napoleon deposed from the throne, and his family from the succession. _April 4th.--Napoleon signs a declaration of abdication in favour of his son, but after two days' deliberation, and Marmont's defection, Alexander insists on an absolute abdication._ _April 5th._--Convention of Chevilly. Marmont agrees to join the Provisional Government, and disband his army under promise that Allies will guarantee life and liberty to Napoleon Bonaparte. Funds on March 29th at 45, now at 63.75. _April 6th._--New Constitution decreed by the Senate. The National Guard ordered to wear the White Cockade in lieu of the Tricolor. _April 10th._--Battle of Toulouse. Hotly contested; almost a defeat for Wellington. _April 11th.--Treaty of Paris between Napoleon and Allies (Austria |